Sources

• Natural Earth

  Country and region boundaries, lakes, river courses

  Public domain

• Copernicus DEM (GLO-30 / GLO-90)

  Elevation data for the country and region maps, and for refining the temperature layer on them

  Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 and Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved. The organisations in charge of the Copernicus programme by law or by delegation do not incur any liability for any use of the Copernicus WorldDEM™-90 or the Copernicus WorldDEM-30.

• Copernicus Sentinel-2

  Land outline and synthetic elevation for the atoll maps of Tuvalu and Kiribati

  Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2015–2026

• ETOPO 2022

  Elevation and bathymetry for the globe, the world map and the ocean floor, and the maps of Antarctica, Greenland, Alaska, Svalbard, Russia, Panama and the Azores

  Public domain (NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information)

• TerraClimate

  Monthly mean air temperature 1991–2020 for the climate layer on the globe and the country maps (Abatzoglou et al. 2018, Scientific Data 5, 170191). On country and region maps refined from about 4 km to 1–2 km with the Copernicus DEM, using the monthly decrease of temperature with elevation

  Public domain (CC0)

• HydroSHEDS / HydroRIVERS

  The river network drawn on each map

  Free to use with attribution (WWF)

• GeoNames

  City names, populations and marker positions

  CC BY 4.0

• geoBoundaries

  Administrative boundaries below national level

  CC BY 4.0

• OpenStreetMap (via Nominatim)

  Selected city outlines for Munich, Berlin and Hamburg

  © OpenStreetMap contributors, Open Database License (ODbL)

• GHS Urban Centre Database (R2024A V1.2)

  Urban area outlines worldwide, selected from centres with at least one million inhabitants in 2025 and generalised for display. Selected outlines use OpenStreetMap or US Census boundaries. In Bihar and Kerala, diffuse population clusters are omitted or restricted to compact built-up cores.

  © European Union, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC). Reuse authorised with acknowledgment of the source.

• US Census Bureau — corrected 2020 Census Urban Areas

  Dallas–Fort Worth and Houston urban outlines, generalised from the 1:500,000 cartographic boundaries

  Public domain (US Census Bureau)

• GHSL — Global Human Settlement Layer

  Population grid behind the “people affected” figure; GHS-BUILT-S R2023A building surface for refining selected Indian city outlines (2020, 100 m)

  CC BY 4.0, European Commission, Joint Research Centre

• INDEC — Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2022

  Population of the Argentine provinces, used to scale the “people affected” figure on their maps (figures as tabulated in the Spanish Wikipedia article on the 2022 census, CC BY-SA 4.0)

  Creative Commons, reproduction permitted with attribution (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos, Argentina)

• Wikipedia — Provinces of Turkey

  Population of the 81 Turkish provinces (estimates for December 2021, originally from TurkStat), summed to the twelve statistical regions to scale the “people affected” figure on their maps

  CC BY-SA 4.0

The maps themselves are computed from these datasets in house. How the result is meant to be read, and what it deliberately leaves out, is described under Method.